Portugal’s political instability continues as the centre-right Democratic Alliance (AD) wins the early parliamentary Portugal Election held on May 18, 2025, but again falls short of a majority.
The Democratic Alliance (AD), led by Luis Montenegro, secured 89 seats in the 230-seat National Assembly in Portugal Election. This is nine more than in the previous election but still 27 short of the 116 seats needed for a majority.
Montenegro claimed victory and said the result was a vote of confidence. He added, “The Portuguese don’t want any more snap elections, they want a four-year legislature.” His supporters chanted, “Let Luis work.”
Portugal Election: Socialists and Chega Tied for Second
The Socialist Party, led by Pedro Nuno Santos, suffered a heavy blow. It dropped to 58 seats, down from 78 in the last election.
Far-right Chega, led by Andre Ventura, also won 58 seats, making it the party’s best performance yet. Chega may surpass the Socialists once overseas votes are counted.
Following the poor results, Pedro Nuno Santos announced his resignation. This marks a major shift, as it may be the first time in 40 years the Socialists fail to finish in the top two.
Portugal Election: Montenegro Rules Out Deal with Chega
Despite Chega’s rise, Luis Montenegro reiterated his refusal to form a coalition with the far-right. This means AD must govern with piecemeal support or seek a new alliance.
Some experts, like political scientist Adelino Maltez, suggest a grand coalition between the Socialists and AD to ensure stability. However, this is politically sensitive and has only happened once before, from 1983 to 1985.
Key Issues: Immigration and Housing
Voters were concerned about immigration, housing, and cost of living. Portugal has seen a sharp rise in immigration, from under 500,000 in 2018 to over 1.5 million in 2025.
The outgoing government recently announced the expulsion of 18,000 undocumented immigrants, which critics say was a move to gain votes from Chega supporters.
Housing prices have soared due to foreign demand and low local incomes. Prices jumped 9% last year, while rents in Lisbon rose 7%, the sharpest increase in 30 years.
With average wages at just 1,200 euros/month, many Portuguese cannot afford to live in their hometowns.
What’s Next for Portugal?
This is Portugal’s third general election in three years. Despite economic growth and reduced debt, political fragmentation and voter dissatisfaction continue.
Montenegro is expected to form another minority government, but the path ahead remains uncertain.
Portuguese Parliament – Parlamento.pt
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